Sunday, January 8, 2012

Meteorites - Facts versus Fables

By Tom Snow


A meteorite is an object formed and originating in space that outlives crashing on the surface of the Earth. Meteorites are almost always different sizes and shapes, varying from small to large. There are numerous meteorites extracted from tiny astronomic objects called meteoroids, but almost all of the time they result from hits of other asteroids. When a meteoroid enters the earth's atmosphere or travels into the earth's gravitational orbit, ram pressure causes that object to overheat thanks to the attractive force of the earth's gravitational pull. At that point, meteorites begin giving off light as it forms a " fireball" because of the fire on its outer surface. This type of meteor is known as moving star.

Meteorites that are noted and recovered as they impacted the Earth are called falls. All other meteorites are known as finds. As specified in the report of February 2010, there are approximately 1,086 witnessed falls, existing in the world's collections. In contrast, there may be more than 38,660 documented meteorite finds.

Meteorites are ordinarily divided up into three (3) major areas: (1) stony meteorites composed of rocky and hard materials; (2) iron meteorites made up of metallic iron and once in a while a modest bit of nickel and also; (3) stony-iron meteorites consist of both metallic and rocky material. Modern categorisation systems divide meteorites into groupings according to their structure, attributes, chemical properties, isotopic composition and mineralogy. The majority of the meteorites are in rocky meteorites family and about 6% of the falling meteorites are in the iron and stony-iron family.

The majority of the meteoroids split into small bits when enter into the earth's atmosphere. It is ascertained that about five hundred meteoroids strike the earth's surface each year - having different sizes that range all the way from the scale of marbles to footballs or even larger - with few of these being documented as recovered. There are some meteorites that are so giant and of such size, that striking the outer surface of the earth, with their terminal speed, form pits on the surface of earth and can sometimes damage public property which could end up in injury or loss of life.

Dr. H.H. (Harvey Harlow) Nininger started a strategy for the search of meteorites in the great plains of the US in the late 1920s to 1950s. He travelled in the selected region and educated the local citizenry about the characteristics of the meteorites, identification and what to do if someone found it. The technique was successful and he was able to discover more than two hundred new meteorites. Most of recently discovered meteorites were of the hard type. In the latter 1960s, Roosevelt County , New Mexico in the Great Plains was chosen for finding new meteorites. 140 meteorites have been discovered in the region since 1967. Intriguingly, several meteorites were found in Antarctica between 1912 and 1964. This discovery has impassioned the quest for more meteorites in Antarctica. In 1969, the Tenth Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition found some meteorites in Antarctica. Another Japanese Antarctica expedition was launched in 1974 for the search of more meteorites with major success. This team succeeded to recover nearly seven hundred meteorites while there. Several dozen meteorites have also been found in the Nullarbor region of Western and Southern Australia before 1971.




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